Jean-Marc Jancovici is a French engineer, teacher and lecturer. He is known for his awareness-raising and popularizing conferences on global warming and energy. In 2007, together with Alain Grandjean, he co-founded Carbon 4: a consulting firm that sells carbon assessments to companies, as well as the association The Shift Project in 2010. Involved in the fight against global warming, in particular regarding the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, he advocates a carbon tax and the production of civilian nuclear energy, positions which he has been criticized for. According to Jancovici, the Western society model is doomed to face degrowth, since its economic system is dependent mostly on fossil fuels – a non-sustainable source of energy.